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Today in History: November 19

President Abraham Lincoln makes his Gettysburg Address at the dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery on the battlefield at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania (AP Photo)

Today in History: November 19: On Nov. 19, 1863, President Abraham Lincoln delivered the Gettysburg Address at the dedication of a national cemetery at the site of the Civil War battlefield of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania. In 1959, Ford Motor Company announced it was halting production of the unpopular Edsel. In 1969, Apollo 12 astronauts Charles Conrad and Alan Bean made the second manned landing on the moon. In 1977, Egyptian President Anwar Sadat became the first Arab leader to visit Israel. In 1985, President Ronald Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail S. Gorbachev met for the first time as they began their summit in Geneva.

Today in History: November 18

Steamboat Willie was the first film to feature Mickey Mouse (Creative Commons)

Today in History: November 18: In 1928, “Steamboat Willie,” the first cartoon with synchronized sound as well as the first released of the character Mickey Mouse, debuted on screen at the Colony Theater in New York. In 1978, U.S. Rep. Leo J. Ryan of California and four others were killed on an airstrip in Jonestown, Guyana by members of the Peoples Temple; the killings were followed by a night of mass murder and suicide resulting in the deaths of more than 900 cult members. In 1991, Shiite Muslim kidnappers in Lebanon freed Anglican Church envoy Terry Waite and Thomas Sutherland, the American dean of agriculture at the American University of Beirut. In 2021, more than half a century after the assassination of Malcolm X, two of his convicted killers were exonerated; a New York judge dismissed the convictions of Muhammad Aziz and the late Khalil Islam after prosecutors and the men’s lawyers said a renewed investigation had found new evidence that undermined the case against them.

Today in History: November 17

About 200,000 people gather in Wenceslas Square, Prague, Czechoslovakia during the Velvet Revolution (AP Photo-Peter Dejong, File)

Today in History: November 17. On November 17, 1869, the Suez Canal opened in Egypt. In 1989, an estimated 10,000-15,000 Czechoslovakian students demonstrated in Prague against Communist rule. In 2003, Arnold Schwarzenegger was sworn in as the 38th governor of California. In 2020, President Donald Trump fired the nation’s top election security official, Christopher Krebs, who had refuted Trump’s lies about electoral fraud and vouched for the integrity of the vote.

Today in History: November 16

Harry Potter fans arrive at a London cinema for a showing of the first Harry Potter film on the day of its general release (AP Photo-Alastair Grant)

Today in History: November 16. In 1973, President Richard Nixon signed the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act into law, authorizing the construction of an 800-mile oil pipeline from the Alaska North Slope to the port city of Valdez. In 1988, Benazir Bhutto was voted prime minister of Pakistan, the first woman to be elected to lead a Muslim-majority country. In 2001, the first film in the Harry Potter series, ‘Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone’ debuted in theaters around the world. In 2006, following midterm elections, Nancy Pelosi was nominated by the Democratic caucus to become the first female speaker of the House. In 2018, a U.S. official said intelligence officials had concluded that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman had ordered the killing of journalist Jamal Khashoggi.

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